Animal survival relies on environmental information gathered by their sensory systems.We found that contrast information of a looming stimulus biases the type of defensive behavior that goldfish (Carassius auratus) perform.Low-contrast looms Seasoning only evoke subtle alarm reactions whose probability is independent of contrast.As looming contrast

Furfural is a toxic aromatic aldehyde that can cause a severe environmental problem especially the wastewater drown from petroleum refinery units.In the present work, a useless by-product from local furniture manufacturing industry; sawdust was used as raw material for the preparation of activated carbon which is chemically activated with phosphori

Summary: Maternal immune activation (MIA) by environmental challenges is linked to severe developmental complications, such as neurocognitive disorders, autism, and even fetal/maternal death.Benzene is a major Food Service toxic compound in air pollution that affects the mother as well as the fetus and has been associated with reproductive complica

Summary: The cranial muscle is a critical component in the vertebrate head for a predatory lifestyle.However, its evolutionary origin and possible segmental nature during embryogenesis have been controversial.In jawed vertebrates, the presence of pre-otic segments similar to trunk somites has been claimed based on developmental observations.However

Premise of the Study To investigate the population genetics and evolutionary history of wuyao (Lindera aggregata, Lauraceae) and other Electric Strings Lindera species, polymorphic chloroplast microsatellite (cpSSR) primers were developed.Methods and Results The complete chloroplast genome of L.glauca was used to design 74 primers for L.aggregata.A